Raise your voice, Inform your choice, Think twice or thrice, But be always nice. Know your price, Heat your ice, Don't leave tries, But don't tell lies. Circular your creative ideas in multi-vision or perception which tends to mends the global society positively. -bhu1
GC
यहाँहरुको प्रत्येक पल लाभदायी रहोस् -हार्दिक शुभेच्छा @educationbhuwan.blogspot.com
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Sunday, November 23, 2014
मानसिक रोग
Heart Diseases
Common cardiovascular conditions
Rheumatic heart diseaseRheumatic heart disease is caused by one or more attacks of rheumatic fever, which then do damage to the heart, particularly the heart valves. Rheumatic fever usually occurs in childhood, and may follow a streptococcal infection. In some cases, the infection affects the heart and may result in scarring the valves, weakening the heart muscle, or damaging the sac enclosing the heart. The valves are sometimes scarred so they do not open and close normally.
Hypertensive heart disease
High blood pressure of unknown origin (primary hypertension) or caused by (secondary hypertension) certain specific diseases or infections, such as tumor in the adrenal glands, damage to or disease of the kidneys or their blood vessels. High blood pressure may overburden the heart and blood vessels and cause disease.
Ischemic heart diseaseHeart ailments caused by narrowing of the coronary arteries and therefore a decreased blood supply to the heart.
Cerebrovascular diseaseDisease pertaining to the blood vessels in the brain. A cerebrovascular accident or stroke is the result of an impeded blood supply to some part of the brain.
Inflammatory heart disease
Inflammation of the heart muscle (myocarditis), the membrane sac (pericarditis) which surround the heart, the inner lining of the heart (endocarditis) or the myocardium (heart muscle). Inflammation may be caused by known toxic or infectious agents or by an unknown origin.
Other
Rheumatic heart diseaseRheumatic heart disease is caused by one or more attacks of rheumatic fever, which then do damage to the heart, particularly the heart valves. Rheumatic fever usually occurs in childhood, and may follow a streptococcal infection. In some cases, the infection affects the heart and may result in scarring the valves, weakening the heart muscle, or damaging the sac enclosing the heart. The valves are sometimes scarred so they do not open and close normally.
Hypertensive heart disease
High blood pressure of unknown origin (primary hypertension) or caused by (secondary hypertension) certain specific diseases or infections, such as tumor in the adrenal glands, damage to or disease of the kidneys or their blood vessels. High blood pressure may overburden the heart and blood vessels and cause disease.
Ischemic heart diseaseHeart ailments caused by narrowing of the coronary arteries and therefore a decreased blood supply to the heart.
Cerebrovascular diseaseDisease pertaining to the blood vessels in the brain. A cerebrovascular accident or stroke is the result of an impeded blood supply to some part of the brain.
Inflammatory heart disease
Inflammation of the heart muscle (myocarditis), the membrane sac (pericarditis) which surround the heart, the inner lining of the heart (endocarditis) or the myocardium (heart muscle). Inflammation may be caused by known toxic or infectious agents or by an unknown origin.
Other
Rheumatic heart disease
Rheumatic heart diseaseRheumatic heart disease is damage caused to the heart’s valves by rheumatic fever, which is caused by streptococcal bacteria.
Valvular heart diseaseThe heart’s valves keep blood flowing through the heart in the right direction. But a variety of conditions can lead to valvular damage. Valves may narrow (stenosis), leak (regurgitation or insufficiency) or not close properly (prolapse). You may be born with valvular disease, or the valves may be damaged by such conditions as rheumatic fever, infections connective tissue disorders, and certain medications or radiation treatments for cancer.
Rheumatic heart diseaseRheumatic heart disease is damage caused to the heart’s valves by rheumatic fever, which is caused by streptococcal bacteria.
Valvular heart diseaseThe heart’s valves keep blood flowing through the heart in the right direction. But a variety of conditions can lead to valvular damage. Valves may narrow (stenosis), leak (regurgitation or insufficiency) or not close properly (prolapse). You may be born with valvular disease, or the valves may be damaged by such conditions as rheumatic fever, infections connective tissue disorders, and certain medications or radiation treatments for cancer.
Hypertensive heart disease
AneurysmAn aneurysm is a bulge or weakness in the wall of a blood vessel. Aneurysms can enlarge over time and may be life threatening if they rupture. They can occur because of high blood pressure or a weak spot in a blood vessel wall. Aneurysms can occur in arteries in any location in your body. The most common sites include the abdominal aorta and the arteries at the base of the brain.
AtherosclerosisIn atherosclerosis the walls of your arteries become thick and stiff because of the build up fatty deposits. The fatty deposits are called plaques. When this happens, the flow of blood is restricted. Atherosclerosis can happen throughout the body. In the arteries of the heart it is known as coronary artery disease, in the legs, peripheral arterial disease. Atherosclerosis happens over a period of time and its consequences can be grave and include heart attack and stroke.
High blood pressure (hypertension)High blood pressure is the excessive force of blood pumping through your blood vessels. High blood pressure causes many types of cardiovascular disease, such as stroke and heart failure, and renal disease.
Peripheral arterial diseasePeripheral arterial disease (PAD) is caused by atherosclerosis, which is the narrowing and / or blockage of the blood vessels in the legs. PAD manifests as pain in the legs when walking, which is relieved by rest. If you have PAD you are at greater risk of developing gangrene in your legs.
AneurysmAn aneurysm is a bulge or weakness in the wall of a blood vessel. Aneurysms can enlarge over time and may be life threatening if they rupture. They can occur because of high blood pressure or a weak spot in a blood vessel wall. Aneurysms can occur in arteries in any location in your body. The most common sites include the abdominal aorta and the arteries at the base of the brain.
AtherosclerosisIn atherosclerosis the walls of your arteries become thick and stiff because of the build up fatty deposits. The fatty deposits are called plaques. When this happens, the flow of blood is restricted. Atherosclerosis can happen throughout the body. In the arteries of the heart it is known as coronary artery disease, in the legs, peripheral arterial disease. Atherosclerosis happens over a period of time and its consequences can be grave and include heart attack and stroke.
High blood pressure (hypertension)High blood pressure is the excessive force of blood pumping through your blood vessels. High blood pressure causes many types of cardiovascular disease, such as stroke and heart failure, and renal disease.
Peripheral arterial diseasePeripheral arterial disease (PAD) is caused by atherosclerosis, which is the narrowing and / or blockage of the blood vessels in the legs. PAD manifests as pain in the legs when walking, which is relieved by rest. If you have PAD you are at greater risk of developing gangrene in your legs.
Ischemic heart disease
Angina
Angina manifests as pain in the chest that results from reduced blood supply to the heart (ischemia). Blood carries oxygen around your body and depriving the heart of oxygen has serious consequences.
Angina is caused by atherosclerosis, that is the narrowing and / or blockage of the blood vessels that supply the heart.
The typical pain of angina is in the chest but it can often radiate to the left arm, shoulder or jaw. If you have angina you will have noticed that the pain is related to exertion and is relieved by rest.
An angina attack is also associated with shortness of breath and sweating. If you are a woman you may experience angina slightly differently. Women appear to have more pain in their shoulder and middle back area, and more throat, neck, and jaw pain than men.
If your angina symptoms rapidly worsen and occur at rest this may presage an impending heart attack (myocardial infarction) and you should seek medical help immediately.
AtherosclerosisIn atherosclerosis the walls of your arteries become thick and stiff because of the build up fatty deposits. The fatty deposits are called plaques. When this happens, the flow of blood is restricted. Atherosclerosis can happen throughout the body. In the arteries of the heart it is known as coronary artery disease, in the legs, peripheral arterial disease (PAD). Atherosclerosis happens over a period of time and its consequences can be grave and include heart attack and stroke.
Coronary artery diseaseCoronary artery disease is also known as ischemic heart disease. It is caused by atherosclerosis, that is the narrowing and / or blockage of the blood vessels that supply the heart. It is one of the most common forms of heart disease and the leading cause of heart attacks and angina.
Coronary heart diseaseCoronary heart disease refers to the disease of the arteries to the heart and their resulting complications, such as angina, heart attacks and heart failure.
Heart attackA heart attack (myocardial infarction) occurs when the heart’s supply of blood is stopped. A heart attack need not be fatal, especially if you receive medical attention and treatment to deal with the blockage soon after you have your heart attack. But you are likely to be left with a damaged heart post heart attack.
A heart attack manifests as severe central chest pain, which may also radiate to the left arm, shoulder or jaw. Severe shortness of breath, sweating and feeling faint are common additional symptoms.
If you are a woman, however, your experience of heart attack may differ. Rather than acute chest pain you may have difficulty breathing, be very, very tired and have pain in your shoulder, jaw, or upper back pain.
Sudden deathSudden death occurs when there is an abrupt loss of the heart's ability to pump blood. This may be because of heart attack or serious abnormality of the heart’s rhythm.
Angina
Angina manifests as pain in the chest that results from reduced blood supply to the heart (ischemia). Blood carries oxygen around your body and depriving the heart of oxygen has serious consequences.
Angina is caused by atherosclerosis, that is the narrowing and / or blockage of the blood vessels that supply the heart.
The typical pain of angina is in the chest but it can often radiate to the left arm, shoulder or jaw. If you have angina you will have noticed that the pain is related to exertion and is relieved by rest.
An angina attack is also associated with shortness of breath and sweating. If you are a woman you may experience angina slightly differently. Women appear to have more pain in their shoulder and middle back area, and more throat, neck, and jaw pain than men.
If your angina symptoms rapidly worsen and occur at rest this may presage an impending heart attack (myocardial infarction) and you should seek medical help immediately.
AtherosclerosisIn atherosclerosis the walls of your arteries become thick and stiff because of the build up fatty deposits. The fatty deposits are called plaques. When this happens, the flow of blood is restricted. Atherosclerosis can happen throughout the body. In the arteries of the heart it is known as coronary artery disease, in the legs, peripheral arterial disease (PAD). Atherosclerosis happens over a period of time and its consequences can be grave and include heart attack and stroke.
Coronary artery diseaseCoronary artery disease is also known as ischemic heart disease. It is caused by atherosclerosis, that is the narrowing and / or blockage of the blood vessels that supply the heart. It is one of the most common forms of heart disease and the leading cause of heart attacks and angina.
Coronary heart diseaseCoronary heart disease refers to the disease of the arteries to the heart and their resulting complications, such as angina, heart attacks and heart failure.
Heart attackA heart attack (myocardial infarction) occurs when the heart’s supply of blood is stopped. A heart attack need not be fatal, especially if you receive medical attention and treatment to deal with the blockage soon after you have your heart attack. But you are likely to be left with a damaged heart post heart attack.
A heart attack manifests as severe central chest pain, which may also radiate to the left arm, shoulder or jaw. Severe shortness of breath, sweating and feeling faint are common additional symptoms.
If you are a woman, however, your experience of heart attack may differ. Rather than acute chest pain you may have difficulty breathing, be very, very tired and have pain in your shoulder, jaw, or upper back pain.
Sudden deathSudden death occurs when there is an abrupt loss of the heart's ability to pump blood. This may be because of heart attack or serious abnormality of the heart’s rhythm.
Cerebrovascular heart disease
AtherosclerosisIn atherosclerosis the walls of your arteries become thick and stiff because of the build up fatty deposits. The fatty deposits are called plaques. When this happens, the flow of blood is restricted. Atherosclerosis can happen throughout the body. In the arteries of the heart it is known as coronary artery disease, in the legs, peripheral arterial disease. Atherosclerosis happens over a period of time and its consequences can be grave and include heart attack and stroke.
Cerebral vascular diseaseCerebral vascular disease is caused by atherosclerosis, that is the narrowing and / or blockage of the blood vessels that flow to the brain. If the flow of blood is cut off this can lead to strokes and transient ischemic attacks.
StrokeA stroke occurs when the blood supply to the brain is interrupted. This can happen either when a blood vessel in the brain or neck is blocked or bursts. If this happens, your brain is deprived of oxygen and parts of your brain may be permanently damaged.
The consequences of a stroke can include problems with speech or vision, weakness or paralysis.
Transient ischemic attacksJust as stroke occurs when the flow of blood is blocked, TIAs happen when there is a brief blockage. The temporary loss of blood to the brain causes a brief, sudden change in brain function. This may manifest as temporary numbness or weakness on one side of the body, loss of balance, confusion, blindness in one or both eyes, double vision, difficulty speaking, or a severe headache. But these will disappear quickly and permanent damage is unlikely.
If you have ever experienced symptoms like this you should seek medical advice. A TIA can be a warning that you are at risk of stroke sometime in the future.
AtherosclerosisIn atherosclerosis the walls of your arteries become thick and stiff because of the build up fatty deposits. The fatty deposits are called plaques. When this happens, the flow of blood is restricted. Atherosclerosis can happen throughout the body. In the arteries of the heart it is known as coronary artery disease, in the legs, peripheral arterial disease. Atherosclerosis happens over a period of time and its consequences can be grave and include heart attack and stroke.
Cerebral vascular diseaseCerebral vascular disease is caused by atherosclerosis, that is the narrowing and / or blockage of the blood vessels that flow to the brain. If the flow of blood is cut off this can lead to strokes and transient ischemic attacks.
StrokeA stroke occurs when the blood supply to the brain is interrupted. This can happen either when a blood vessel in the brain or neck is blocked or bursts. If this happens, your brain is deprived of oxygen and parts of your brain may be permanently damaged.
The consequences of a stroke can include problems with speech or vision, weakness or paralysis.
Transient ischemic attacksJust as stroke occurs when the flow of blood is blocked, TIAs happen when there is a brief blockage. The temporary loss of blood to the brain causes a brief, sudden change in brain function. This may manifest as temporary numbness or weakness on one side of the body, loss of balance, confusion, blindness in one or both eyes, double vision, difficulty speaking, or a severe headache. But these will disappear quickly and permanent damage is unlikely.
If you have ever experienced symptoms like this you should seek medical advice. A TIA can be a warning that you are at risk of stroke sometime in the future.
Inflammatory heart disease
AtherosclerosisIn atherosclerosis the walls of your arteries become thick and stiff because of the build up of fatty deposits. The fatty deposits are called plaques. When this happens, the flow of blood is restricted. Atherosclerosis can happen throughout the body. In the arteries of the heart it is known as coronary artery disease, in the legs, peripheral arterial disease. Atherosclerosis happens over a period of time and its consequences can be grave and include heart attack and stroke.
CardiomyopathyCardiomyopathy refers to diseases of the heart muscle. Some types of cardiomyopathy are genetic, while others occur because of infection or other reasons that are less well understood. One of the most common types of cardiomyopathy is idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy, where the heart is enlarged. Other types include ischemic, loss of heart muscle; dilated, heart enlarged; hypertrophic, heart muscle is thickened.
Pericardial diseaseThe sac that encases the heart is called the pericardium and it can be affected by a variety of conditions such as inflammation (pericarditis), fluid accumulation (pericardial effusion) and stiffness (constrictive pericarditis). The etiology of these conditions varies.
Valvular heart diseaseThe heart’s valves keep blood flowing through the heart in the right direction. But a variety of conditions can lead to valvular damage. Valves may narrow (stenosis), leak (regurgitation or insufficiency) or not close properly (prolapse). You may be born with valvular disease, or the valves may be damaged by such conditions as rheumatic fever, infections connective tissue disorders, and certain medications or radiation treatments for cancer.
AtherosclerosisIn atherosclerosis the walls of your arteries become thick and stiff because of the build up of fatty deposits. The fatty deposits are called plaques. When this happens, the flow of blood is restricted. Atherosclerosis can happen throughout the body. In the arteries of the heart it is known as coronary artery disease, in the legs, peripheral arterial disease. Atherosclerosis happens over a period of time and its consequences can be grave and include heart attack and stroke.
CardiomyopathyCardiomyopathy refers to diseases of the heart muscle. Some types of cardiomyopathy are genetic, while others occur because of infection or other reasons that are less well understood. One of the most common types of cardiomyopathy is idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy, where the heart is enlarged. Other types include ischemic, loss of heart muscle; dilated, heart enlarged; hypertrophic, heart muscle is thickened.
Pericardial diseaseThe sac that encases the heart is called the pericardium and it can be affected by a variety of conditions such as inflammation (pericarditis), fluid accumulation (pericardial effusion) and stiffness (constrictive pericarditis). The etiology of these conditions varies.
Valvular heart diseaseThe heart’s valves keep blood flowing through the heart in the right direction. But a variety of conditions can lead to valvular damage. Valves may narrow (stenosis), leak (regurgitation or insufficiency) or not close properly (prolapse). You may be born with valvular disease, or the valves may be damaged by such conditions as rheumatic fever, infections connective tissue disorders, and certain medications or radiation treatments for cancer.
Other
Congenital heart diseaseCongenital heart disease is when you are born with malformations of the heart’s structures. This may be the result of the genes you inherited from your parents or adverse exposure to certain elements while still in the womb, such as some medicines or too much alcohol. Congenital heart disease is a broad term and examples are holes in the heart, abnormal valves, and abnormal heart chambers.
Heart failureHeart failure is a chronic condition that happens when the heart’s muscle becomes too damaged to adequately pump the blood around your body. If you have heart failure your heart still works but because it is less effective your organs do not get enough blood and oxygen. Heart failure tends to affect older people more often and manifests as shortness of breath, reduced exercise tolerance and swelling of the ankles. It results if the heart is damaged and weakened
Thursday, November 20, 2014
बर्षमा ३० लाख मानिसको मृत्यु मधुमेहबाट

युवा अबस्थामै मधुमेहको शिकार बन्न थाले नेपाली

चिकित्सकहरुका अनुसार मानिसको बढ्दो व्यस्तता र जीवनशैलीमा आएको परिवर्तनका कारण नेपालका सहरबजारमा मधुमेहका बिरामीको संख्या ह्वात्तै बढेको छ ।
मोटोपना, शरीरिक निस्कृयता, असुन्तलित खानपिन, मानसिक तनाव लगायतका कारण अहिले मानिसहरुमा मधुमेहको समस्या धमाधम देखिन थालेको बरिष्ठ मधुमेह रोग विशेषज्ञ डा. अंशुमाली जोशी बताउँछन् ।
उनका अनुसार अस्पतालमा अहिले बुढाबुढी मात्र नभई युवाअवस्थामा नै मधुमेहका समस्या लिएर आउने बिरामीको संख्या बृद्धि भैरहेको छ ।
‘अस्वस्थ जीवनशैली र बिलासीपनका कारण मधुमेह रोगको बृद्धिदर हरेक दिन बढीरहेको छ,’ उनले भने, ‘समयमा नै यस विषयमा नसोच्ने हो भने यसले भोली नेपालमा बिकराल रुप ल्याउने छ ।’ उनका अनुसार नेपालमा हाल कुल जनसंख्याको १० प्रतिशतमा मधुमेहको समस्या रहेको अनुमान गरिएको छ ।
मधुमेह तथा हर्मोन रोग विषेशज्ञ डा. ज्योति भट्टराईका अनुसार विकसित राष्ट्रहरुको नक्कल र खानपिनमा आएको परिवर्तनका कारण नै पाको मानिसको रोगका रुपमा परिचित मधुमेह विस्तारै युवा वर्गहरुमा सर्दै गएको हो ।
‘यो निकै ठुलो चिन्ताको विषय हो,’ उनले भनिन्, ‘हाम्राजस्ता विकासोन्मुख देशहरुमा यो रोग महामारीका रुपमा फैलदै छ । अहिलेनै यो रोगका बारेमा सचेत नहुने हो भने भोलिका दिनमा हरेक घरमा यो रोगका विरामी फेला पर्ने छन् ।’
परिवर्तित जीवनशैली, नियमित व्यायामको अभावका कारण पनि डाइबिटिजको समस्या बढ्दो छ । पाटन अस्पतालले हरेक मंगलबार सञ्चालन गर्दै आएको डाइबिटिज क्लिनिकमा ५० भन्दा बढी बिरामी आउनु डाइबिटिजका रोगी बढ्दै गएको संकेत हो भन्छन् अस्पतालका चिकित्सक डा. बुद्धि पौडेल । वयस्कलाई मात्र होइन, बालबालिकामा पनि डाइबिटिजको समस्या बढेको पाटन अस्पतालले जनाएको छ ।
नेपालमा अहिले २५ लाख भन्दा बढी मानिसहरुमा मधुमेह भएको अनुमान गरिएको छ । विश्व स्वास्थ्य संगठनका अनुसार मधुमेहजन्य रोगका कारण मृत्यु हुनेमा ८० प्रतिशत भन्दा बढि विकासोन्मुख मूलुकका मानिसहरु पर्छन ।
प्रत्येक बर्ष विश्वमा करिब ७० लाख नयाँ मधुमेहका रोगीहरु थपिंदै गइरहेका छन् भने ३० लाख मानिस प्रतिबर्ष मधुमेह सम्बद्ध रोगका कारण मर्ने गरेको सो संस्थाले जनाएको छ ।
अन्तराष्ट्रिय मधुमेह संघका अनुसार विश्वमा हाल करिव ३८ करोड २० लाख मानिसहरु मधुमेहका रोगी छन् । संघले सार्वजनिक गरेको तथ्यांकअनुसार प्रत्येक २ मध्ये १ जना मधुमहको बिरामीलाई आफुमा मधुमेह छ भन्ने जानकारी नै छैन ।
तथ्यांकअनुसार विश्वमा प्रत्येक १० सेकेण्डमा एक जना व्यक्ति मधुमेहको विरामी बन्ने गरेका छन् भने एकजना भन्दा बढिको मधुमेहजन्यको समस्याकै कारण मृत्यु हुने गरेको छ ।
मधुमेह के हो ?
मानव शरीरको रगतमा आवश्यकताभन्दा बढी चिनी अथवा ग्लुकोज जम्मा हुँदा देखापर्ने रोगलाई मधुमेह भनिन्छ । यसलाई चिनिरोग पनि भनेर चिन्ने गरिन्छ । मानव शरीरभित्र चिनी पचाएर ऊर्जामा बदल्ने काम इन्सुलिनले गर्छ ।
शरीरमा इन्सुलिन उत्पादन नहुने वा उत्पादिन इन्सुलिनले काम नगर्दा रगतमा चिनीको मात्रा बढ्ने डा. जोशी बताउँछन् । उनका अनुसार इन्सुलिनको अभाव भएर शरीरमा चिनी नपच्ने र पिसाबबाट चिनी बाहिर निस्कने रोग चिनी रोग वा मधुमेहको नामबाट परिचित हुन पुगेको हो ।
मधुमेह शरीर गल्ने दीर्घ रोग हो । एकपटक लागेपछि यो रोगबाट छुटकारा पाउन गाह्रो छ । यद्यपि यसप्रति सचेत हुनसके सामान्य जीवन बिताउन सकिन्छ । हामीले खाएको धेरैजसो खाना ग्लुकोजमा परिवर्तन भएर शरीरलाई शक्ति दिने काम गर्छ ।
डा भट्टराईका अनुसार इन्सुलिनले हामीले खाएका कुराबाट प्राप्त ग्लुकोजलाई कोसमा प्रवेश गराउन चाबीको काम गर्छ, तर ग्लुकोज कोसमा प्रवेश गर्न नपाए शरीरमा समस्या हुन्छ । त्यसवाट देखापर्ने समस्या नै मधुमेह हो ।
टाइप वान र टाइप टु मधुमेह
चिकित्साशास्त्रमा डाइबिटिजलाई दुई भागमा वर्गीकरण गरिएको छ । शरीरमा इन्सुलिनको उत्पादन नै नहुने ‘टाइप वान डाइबिटिज’ हो । यस्तो समस्या बालबालिकामा हुने गर्छ । त्यस्तै, उत्पादित इन्सुलिनले काम नगर्ने समस्यालाई ‘टाइप टु डाइबिटिज’ भनिन्छ । यो ३० वर्ष भन्दा माथिका मानिसलाई हुने गर्छ ।
पेटमा बोसो जम्मा भएको मान्छेलाई मधुमेह हुने सम्भावना बढी हुन्छ । बढी पिसाब लाग्नु, छाला सुक्खा हुनु, पिसाबमा कमिला लाग्नु, खाना धेरै रुच्नु, दुब्लाउँदै जानु, श्वास फेर्न गाह्रो हुनु डाइबिटिजका लक्षण हुन् । बच्चा त कहिलेकाहीँ बेहोसै पनि हुन सक्छन् ।
डाइबिटिज वंशाणुगत कारणले पनि हुने गर्छ । परिवारमा कसैलाई छ भने उनीहरूको बच्चामा डाइबिटिज हुने वा दाजुदिदीमा समस्या भए अन्य दाजुभाइ तथा दिदीबहिनीमा हुने सम्भावना उच्च हुने डा. जोशी बताउँछन् ।
मिर्गौला, आँखा, मुटु र स्नायुमा असर
डा. जोशीका अनुसार लामो समय डाइबिटिज हुँदा आँखा, किड्नी र नसामा असर गर्न सक्छ । खुट्टाको नसामा असर गरेर खुट्टै काट्नुपर्ने अवस्था समेत आउन सक्ने हुन्छ । त्यसैले डाइबिटिजका बिरामीले पिसाबबाट प्रोटिन लिक भएको छ र छैन परिक्षण गराउँदै गर्नुपर्छ । पिसाबबाट प्रोटिन लिक भए कालान्तरमा किड्नीले काम नै नगर्ने हुन्छ ।
पश्चिमा मुलुकमा कमाउने, खाने उमेरमै मान्छे अन्धो हुने मुख्य कारण पनि डाइबिटिज हो । डाइबिटिजले रगतको नसामा असर गर्छ, आँखामा पनि असर गर्छ । यस्का साथै रक्तचाप बढाएर हृदयाघात समेत गराउँछ ।
डा. जोशीका अनुसार मधुमेह भएका मान्छेको रगतमा कोलेस्ट्रोल जम्छ, जसका कारण नसाबाट रगत बग्न सक्दैन, खुट्टामा रगत सञ्चार नभएपछि सामान्य चोटपटक लागे पनि घाउ बढ्दै गएर निको नहुने र खुट्टा नै काट्नुपर्ने अवस्था समेत आउँछ । मधुमेह भइसकेको भए चकित्सकको सल्लाहअनुसार औषधि सेवन नियमित गर्नु, पिसाबबाट प्रोटिन लिक भएको छ, छैन परिक्षण गराउनु, रगतमा चिनी तथा कोलेस्ट्रोलका मात्रा नियमित जाँच्नुपर्छ । आँखाको नियमित परिक्षण गराउनुपर्छ ।
यसो गरे जोगिन सकिन्छ
चिकित्सकहरुका अनुसार मोटोपना बढाउन नदिने, खानपानमा ध्यान पुर्याउन सके, नियमित व्यायाम गर्ने, चुरोट, रक्सी नखाने, धेरै चिल्लो, रेस्टुरेन्टको खाना तथा तारेको खाना नखाए मधुमेहबाट धेरै हदसम्म बच्न सकिन्छ ।
मधुमेह भएकाको शरीरमा पहिल्यै चिनी हुनेहुँदा थप गुलियो खाँदा समस्या बढ्छ । त्यसैले चिकित्सकको सल्लाहमा नियन्त्रित मात्रामा मात्र गुलियो खानुपर्छ ।
मधुमेहका लक्षण
अत्याधिक भोक लाग्नु, पिसाब लाग्नु, हातखुट्टा झमझमाउनु, पोल्नु, तिर्खा लाग्नु, मुख सुक्नु, शरीरमा रगत कम हुनु, मुख फुल्नु, आँखावरिपरि फुल्नु, आँखाको ज्योतिमा कमी आउनु, छाला धेरै सुख्खा हुनु मधुमेहका लक्षण हुन् ।
यस्तै बारम्बार पिलो, बालतोड आउनु, कहिलेकाहीँ एक्कासि केहीबेरका लागि आँखा नदेख्नु, रक्तनलीहरू साँघुरिनु, हातखुट्टाका औंलाहरू बाउँडिनु, पिँडौला धेरै दुख्नु, लामो समय थकाइ अथवा कमजोरी महसुस हुनु, घाउ अथवा रोग चाँडै निको नुहुनु, बिनाकारण दुब्लाउँदै जानु, यौन क्षमता घट्नु आदि मधुमेहका लक्षण हुन् ।
के खाने, के नखाने ?
यी खाना नखाउ
मधुमेह लागेकाहरुले चिनी, मिठाई, आँप, अंगुर, भुइँकटहर, अइसक्रिम, केक, कोक, फ्यान्टा, प|mुट जुसजस्ता गुलिया पेयपदार्थ, तेलघिउमा तारेको पुरी, पुलाउ, समोसा, आलुचप पनि खानु हुँदैन ।
थोरै मात्रामा खादा हुुने पदार्थहरु
चामल, गहुँ, मकै, चिउराजस्ता अन्नहरु, चिनी नभएको पाउरोटी, बिस्कुट, चाउचाउ, तेल, घिउ, आलु, पिँडालु, मधुमेह रोगीका लागि भनी बनाइएका ‘डाइट’ खाद्यपदार्थहरु, चना, रहर, केराउ, भटमास, मुगी, मासजस्ता गेडागुडीहरु, दूध र यसबाट बनेका पदार्थहरु, मेवा, मौसम, स्याउजस्ता फलफूलहरु, मासु, माछा, अण्डा आदि साधारण मात्रामा खान हुन्छ ।
धेरै खानुपर्ने पदार्थहरु
हरियो तरकारी र सागसब्जी तथा काँक्रो, गोलभेंडा, गाजर, मूला, फलफुल ।
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